Broaching machine



July 7, 1936; E. G. ROEHM ET AL BROACHING MACHINE Filed Nov. 4, 1955 6Sheets-Sheet 1 1 WWW w 0 my M July 7, 1936. E. G. ROEHM ET AL BROACHINGMACHINE Filed NOV. 4, 1933 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 in Z w, .7

July 7, 1936. E. e. RO EHM ET AL BROACHING MACHINE 6 sheef-sneet 5 FiledNov. 4, 1933 2 #X 3 Z w July 7, 1936.

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J m 1 M 4 n G 2 III ,1. 1. I J I1 1 11 m d l/ 1 A IJVIIVIQIM/ 0 e m m gmm m wr/ y g Q J 1 1 flw 1 8 M m c/ M M I I/ l July 7, 1936. E. G.ROEHMET AL Q BROACHING MACHINE I Filed Nov. 4, 1935 6 Sheets-Sheet 6Patented July 7, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE- BROACHING MACHINEration of Ohio Application November 4, 1933, Serial No. 696,696

11 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in machine tools and particularlyto improvements in broaching machines.

An object of the invention is the provision of improved means foreffecting and controlling the operation of the ram of the broach.

Anofher object of the invention is the provision of improved means foralternately presenting work pieces to the action of the broaching toolsutilized with a double ram type of machine.

A further object of the invention is the provision of an improvedbroaching machine having a pair of broaching rams and an improved workpresentation and supporting mechanism for alternately presenting thework to the rams in succession. A still further object of this inventionis the provision of automatic interlocking means for sequentiallyactuating the broach rams and work supporting and presentation means.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention should be readilyapparentby reference to the following specification, considered inconjunction with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and itis to be understood that any modifications may be made in the exactstructural details there shown and described,

within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from orexceeding the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a front elevation of the improved broaching machineembodying the improvemerits of this invention.

Figure 2 is a. side elevation of the machine shown in Figure l as seenparticularly from the right hand side thereof.

Figure 3 is a view partly in plan, and partly in horizontal section toshow some of the internal construction of the machine.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical, sectional view taken substantiallyon line 4-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary horizontal, sectional view taken on line 5-5of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of certain portions of Figure 4illustrating the emergency stop valve operating mechanism.

Figure 7 is a sectional view taken on line 1-1 of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a view, partly in section and partly in elevation,illustrating the main control valves.

Figure 9 is a horizontal, sectional view through the ram and tablecontrol valves as seen substantially from line 99 on Figure 1.

Figure 10 is a fragmentary sectional -view taken substantially on line||l-| 0 of Figure 8.

Figure 11 is a sectional view through a back pressure valve and forms adetail of the invention.

Figure 12 is a transverse sectional view through the chip conveying anddischarge mechanism as seen from line |2|2 on Figure 1.

Figure 13 is a diagrammatic'view illustrating the hydraulic circuitinvolved in the operation 10 and control of the mechanism.

Throughout the several views of the drawings similar referencecharacters are employed to denote the same or similar parts.

The broaching machine of the present inven- 15 tion comprises a main bedor base |5 from which rises at the rear thereof a pair of columns l6and 1. The columns "5 and I! are respectively provided on their forwardfaces with recesses l8 and IS in which is respectively disposed 20broaching tool rams 20 and 2|; The ram 2| is substantially U shaped toprovide a passage in which is disposed a cylinder 22. The cylinder 22 issecured to the baseof the recess l9 and encloses a piston 23, see Figure13. The piston 23 25 has projecting therefrom a piston rod 24, the freeend of which is connected by a strap or bracket 25 with the ram 2|. Thepiston 23 is adapted to be reciprocated relative to the cylinder 22 bymeans of an hydraulic medium under pressure 30 for correspondinglyactuating the ram 2| as will later be described in detail.

The ram 20, similar to the ram 2|, is substantially U shaped in crosssection to provide a passage therethrough in which is disposed thecylin- 5 der26. The cylinder 26, similar to the cylinder 22 is securedto the column H5 at the base of its recess |8. Enclosed within thecylinder 26 is a piston 21 having projecting therefrom a piston rod 28.The free end of the piston rod 28 is c'on- 40 nected by a strap orbracket 29 with the ram 20. The piston 21, similar to the piston 23, isadapted to be reciprocated relative to its cylinder by the hydraulicmedium under pressure forthereby correspondingly actuating the ram 20,as will 45 later be made clear.

The present invention contemplates the utiliza-' tion of one of the rams20 or 2| to effect the broaching cut, while the other ram is beingreturned idly to its normal or initial position. In 50 order to keep therams in proper relation to one another so that only one ram is efiectingthe cutting operation while the other is being returned they aremechanically connected. This mechanical connection comprises theprovision of gear or rack teeth 38 on one side of the ram 2| andcorresponding gear or rack teeth 3| on the opposed side of the ram 20.The said racks 38 and 3| are in simultaneous engagement at diametricpoints with the teeth of a large gear 32 rotatable about the axes of astud or shaft 33 journaled in suitable bearings provided by a splitbracket 34. The bracket 34 is secured to a web or projection 35extending from the bed l5 and disposed substantially centrally to thespace between the columns l8 and H. In order to permit the racks 30 and3| to engage with the gear 32 the adjacent walls of the column recessesI8 and I9 are respectively provided with openings 36 and 31 throughwhich the gear projects, see Figure 3.

From the foregoing it will be seen that as one or the other of therams28 and.2| is being actuated downwardly to effect the broaching orcutting operation, the other ram. will be correspondingly elevated.

' In order to present the work alternately to the rams 28 and 2| the bed|5 has formed integral therewith or secured thereto a bracket or housing38 supporting for oscillation relative thereto awork supporting table39. The table 39 extends substantially the width of the machine and isprovided substantially midway of its length with an aperture receivingthe bearing portion 40 of a standard or pivot shaft 4|. The pivot shaft4| has its lower end disposed in a suitable bore or guide in the housing38 and its upper end in a cross brace or beam 42 which overlies thetable 39. The cross brace or beam 42 has its ends se cured to uprights43 and 44 carried by the bed l5. As will be seen in Figure 3 theoscillatable work table 39 is provided on its inner end with a pair offaces 45 and 45 disposed in angular relation to one another and adaptedto respectively parallel with the rams 29 and 2| when presenting workpieces thereto.

In order to oscillate the table about the axis of the bearing 48 thehousing 38 has journaled therein a shaft 41 carrying on its upper end agear 48, in turn carrying eccentrically thereof a roller 49. The roller49 is adapted to enter a slot 50 formed in an actuating member 5|secured to the under surface of the table 39. With the table 39 in aneutral position the axes of the pivot shaft 4|, slot 58 of member 5|,roller 49 and shaft 41 are in alignment whereby'movement of the rollerin either direction will correspondingly oscillate the table. Thisoscillation is effected by engagement of the roller 49 with the arms 52and 53 of the member 5| as formed by the slot 58 therein.

:In order to efiect the rotation or oscillation of the shaft 41 andconsequently the gear 48 and roller 49, the said shaft 41 has securedthereto intermediate its ends a second gear 54 meshing with a rack 55integral with or secured to a piston rod 56. The piston rod 55 hassecured to its other end a piston 51 enclosed within a cylinder 58disposed within the housing 38. The ends of the cylinder 58 arerespectively closed by suitable heads 59 and 69, the former including asuitable stuifing box to prevent leakage therethrough.

The piston 51 is adapted to be actuated by a fluid under pressure aswill be described in detail later.

The table 39 is adapted to be clamped or locked in each of its operativepositions for which purpose the table has secured to its undersurface atopposite ends thereof clamping blocks 8|--62 and 63-54. The clampingblocks 52 and 84 are respectively provided with tapered faces 55 and 55co-operating with the wedges 61 and 58 formed at opposite ends of theclamping bar 59. The clamping bar 89 is disposed for axial movement inbearings 10 and 1| formed on the upper surface of the housing 38 and isprovided intermediate the wedges with rack teeth 12 engaging the teethof the gear 48.

The operation of the table actuating mechanism is as follows:

A certain amount of lost motion is provided between the roller 49 andthe arms 52 and 53 of the member 5| so that a certain amount of 51 forfirst unclamping the table from the bed and then effecting theoscillation or indexing thereof to the second operative position. Assoon as the table is indexed the wedge of the bar 59 engages with itsclamping block for locking the table in its second operative position.

The hydraulic mechanism for effecting the operation of the ram pistonsand table piston is illustrated in Figure 13. As there shown, thismechanism comprises a tank or sump 13 containing an hydraulic medium,preferably oil, which is circled through the system. Disposed above thea tank 13 is a pump 14 having its suction side connected by a pipe 15with the tank 13. The pump 14, see Figure 2, is adapted to be driven bya motor 15-and the said parts are carried by a plate 11 disposed withina compartment 18 formed in one of the columns, column H for example. Thedischarge side of the pump 14, see Figure 13, has extending therefrom apipe or conduit 19 which terminates in a starting and stopping valveindicated generally by the numeral 80. The pipe or conduit 19 isconnected through a pipe or conduit 8| with a relief valve 82 which inturn is connected with the tank or sump 13. The relief valve 82determines the operating pressure in the system and returns the excessmedium to .the tank when this pressure is reached.

The valve 89 is shown structurally in Figures 6 and '1, and while it isa starting and a stopping valve, it also serves the function of anemergency stopping valve to short circuit the pump 19 directly to thetank 13 should an emergency arise. As shown in Figures 6 and '7 thisvalve comprises a housing 83 including a plate 84 whereby it is securedto the bed bracket housing 38 and having the valye itself disposedwithin the said housing 38. Oscillatably mounted in bearings 85 and 85of the housing 83 is a shaft 81 extending through and beyond the plate84 to receive a manual operating lever or handle 88. Secured to theshaft 81 intermediate the bearings 85, and 86 is a valve actuator 89having its lower end 90 ball shaped and received in an enlarged notch 9|formed in the slidable valve 92. Loosely mounted on the shaft 81 is alatch 93 having a down turned finger 94 co-operating with the nose 95 onthe valve 92 and is utilized for holding the valve 92 in its innerposition of adjustment. In orderto hold the latch 93 in its operativeposition it is spring loaded as by the spring 98. The latch 93 and valveshifter 89 are disposed in tandem relation to one another andrespectively carry abutting lugs 91 and 98 whereby movement This lostmoof the actuator 89 in a counter-clockwise directioneifectsthe-corresponding movement of the latch 93. It is for this reason thatconsiderable lost motion is' provided between the ball' end 90 of theactuator 89 and the walls of the notch 9| so that the latch may beactuated to an inoperative position before the valve 92 itself is moved.

The valve 92 is provided intermediate its ends with a cannelure 99 forconnecting in different combinations the radial ports I00, WI and I02formed through the valve sleeve I03 which encircles the valve 92. Eachof the sets of radial ports is encircled on the exterior of the bushingI03 with a similar circumferential groove I04 and with said grooves areconnected ends of pipes or conduits I05, I9 and I06. The pipe or conduitI9 connects with the ports I 5 while connected with the ports I00 andI02 is respectively the pipes or conduits I05 and I06. In order to shiftthe valve 92 rapidly in the event of an emergency and when the latch 93is released the bore through the bushing I03 is closed at one end by aplug I0I which forms one abutment for a spring I08 disposed within thebushing bore and abutting on its other end with the valve 92.

The pipe I06 is a return pipe and terminates in the sump or tank I3while the pipe I05 terminates in the ram piston control valve indicatedgenerally by the numeral I09. The said pipe I05 has extending therefroma branch pipe or conduit I I0 which terminates in the table controlvalve indicated generally by the numeral III. The valves I09 and II Iare shown structurally in Figures 8 to 11 inclusive and are adapted tobe manually and automatically actuated to effect and control the timedoperation of the ram pistons and table piston. These valves and theircontrol mechanism are carried by a single housing disposed withinconvenient reach of the operator within the space between the columns I6 and I I.

This valve mechanism, therefore, comprises a housing I I2 having formedalong one side thereof a flange I I3, see Figure 1, whereby the housingis secured to the adjacent face of one of the columns. The housing H2 isprovided with a pair of parallel bores respectively carrying valvebushings H4 and H5, the former being part of the valve I09. while thelatter is apart of the valve III.

The valve bushing I I4 has formed therethrough a plurality of sets ofradial ports H6, H7, IIO, H9, I20, I2I and I22, each of which sets isencircled by a similar circumferential groove I 23 formed in theexterior of the sleeve II4. It is with the ports I22 that the other endof the pipe or conduit I05 connects, while a branch conduit I24 from theconduit I05 connects with the ports H6. The ports H1, H0 and I20 arerespectively connected with branch discharge conduits I25, I26 and I2I,each emptying into a conduit I28 that terminates in back pressure valveindicated generally by the numeral I29. The ports H9 have connectedtherewith one end of a conduit I30 which terminates in the upper end ofcylinder 26, while the ports I2I have connected therewith one end ofa'pipe or conduit I 3| which terminates in the upper end of the cylinder22. The lower ends of said cylinders 26 and 22 are connected together bya conduit or pipe I32 emptying into a discharge pipe or conduit I33 thatterminates in the sump or tank I3.

Mounted for sliding movement within the valve bushing H4 is a spool typevalve I34 having formed therein cannelures I35, I36 and I31, which indifferent positions of adjustment connect in different combinations theseveral sets of radial ports in the bushing. In order to shift the valveI34 it is provided on one end with a slot I38 receiving the ball end I39of a valve shifter I40. The shifter I 40 is keyed or otherwise securedto a shaft I4I rotatably or oscillatably journaled in 5 bearings I42 andI43 provided by caps I44 and I45 secured to the housing II2. In additionthe shaft I4I is journaled in a sleeve I46, in turn rotatably journaledin a bearing I4I of the housing- II2. The shaft I4I extends through andbeyond the bearing I42 and cap I44to receive a manually actuable leveror handle I48 whereby the shaft I4I may be rotated or oscillated forcorrespondingly actuating the valve shifter I40.

The valve I 34 is adapted to have three positions, namely, a neutralposition and an operative position to the right and left of said neutralposition. In order to determine the said positions of the valve, thevalve shifter I40 is provided with a segmental flange or wing I49 havingformed therein notches I50, I5I and I52 co-operating with the nose I53of a detent I 54. The detent I54 is pivotally connected to lugs'or earsI55 projecting inwardly of the housing II2. In order to yieldably holdthe detent nose I53 into .engagement with the notches of the flange orwing I49 the housing I I 2 supports a plunger I56 yleldably urged towardthe detent I54 for yleldably holding its nose in engagement with theperiphery of 'the Wing I09.

From the foregoing it will be noted that the valve I 34 is manuallyactuated, which manual actuation is utilized for effecting the initialdescent of the pistons 2I and 23 for which purpose the valve has anoperative position on each side of its neutral or central position. Inthe operation of the machine the valve is adapted to be automaticallyshifted from the said operative positions to the neutral position. Forthis reason the shaft IOI carrying the valve shifter I 40 has keyed orotherwise secured to it a finger I5I having its outer end I58 receivedin a notch I59 of a rod I 60. The rod I60 is adapted to be axiallyreciprocated through bearings I6I and I62 formed on the opposite sidesof valve housing II2. This shifting of the rod I60 to the right, as seenIn Figure 9, is efiected by a dog I63 secured in T slot I64 formed alongthe face of the ram 20. The dog is so positioned with respect to the ramand the valve that it engages with the rod when the broaching cut issubstantially finished.

' Therefore, when the ram 20 is at its lower limit of travel, as willlater be made clear, the valve I36 is shifted from a position whicheffects the downward movement of the ram 20 to its neutral position.

The valve bushing II5 of thetable valve III, similar to the valvebushing H4, is provided with a plurality of sets of radial ports I65,I66, I6'I, I66 and I69, each set being surrounded by a similarcircumferential groove I10 formed in the exterior of the bushing II4.The ports I6I have connected therewith the branch pressure conduit IIIIand the ports I and I69 have respectively connected therewith branchdischarge conduits 65 III and I72 which are in turn connected with apipe or conduit I I3 terminated in a main discharge conduit I33.Connected with the ports I66 is one end of a pipe or conduit I74 whichterminates at the left hand end of the table cylinder 58 as seen inFigure 13, while the ports I68 have connected therewith one end of apipe or conduit I15 which terminates in the right hand end of said tablecylinder 58. Disposed within. the

v bore in the bushing H5 is a spool type valve I16 75 .rounds the shaftI4I above referred to.

having formed therein cannelures I11 and I18 adapted in differentpositions of adjustment to connect the several sets of radial ports foralternately connecting the pressure from the conduit IIO with either ofthe conduits I14 and I15 and connecting the remaining conduit with thesump.

The valve I16, therefore, has two operative positions and to effect theadjustment of the valve it is provided in its outer end with a notch I19receiving the ball end I of a valve shifter member I8I In order todetermine the operative positions of the valve I16 its actuator I8I isprovided with a segmental radial flange I82 carrying notches I83 and I84adapted to co-operate with the nose I85 of a detent I86. The detent I86,similar to the detent I54, is pivotally mounted on lugs or ears I81projecting inwardly of the main housing H2. The nose I85 is yieldablyheld in engagement with the flange I82 of the valve shifter by a springpressed plunger I88.

The valve actuator I8 I, and therefore the valve 116, are adapted to bepower actuated by the movement of the rams, for which reason the saidvalve actuator I8I, see Figure 8, is keyed or otherwise secured to thesleeve I46 which sur- The sleeve I46 has secured to its lower end afinger I89, the free end I of which is received in a notch I9I formed inan axial shiftable rod I92. The rod I92, similar to the rod I60, ismounted for sliding movement in the bearings I6I and I62 projectingoutwardly from the housing I I2. This rod I92 is adapted to be engagedand shifted by the dog I63 at a point in the movement of the ram 20slightly ahead of the shifting of the rod I60, wherefore it is disposedin a plane parallel with but above the plane of movement of the rod I90.

As will later be made clear, the: discharge from the ram pistons 21 and23 is through the conduit I28 which, as above noted, terminates in theback pressure valve I29. This valve is shownstructurally in Figure 11and comprises a housing I93 in which is pressed a bushing I94 havingformed therethrough two sets of radial ports I95 and I96, each set beingconnected by a similar circumferential groove I91 formed in the exteriorof the bushing I94. Disposed within the bore in the bushing I94 is aspool type valve I98 having formed therein a cannelure I99 which isadapted to connect the ports- I95 and I96 when in one position andgradually cut down the flow between these ports as the valve I98 ismoved. The valve I98 is moved in one direction by a spring 200 abuttingon one end with the valve I98 and on the other end with an adjustableabutment 20I disposed within a housing 202 secured in one end of thebushing I94. The valve I98 is moved in the opposite direction or againstthe yielding resistance of the spring 200 by the hydraulic mediumitself, for which purpose the other end of the bushing is closed by aplug 203 having formed centraly therethrough a port 204. It is with theport 204 that the conduit or pipe I28 connects, while a branch conduitor pipe 205 from this conduit I28 connects with the ports I96. The portsI95 have connected therewith one end of a conduit 206 which terminatesin the main discharge conduit I33. 1

The valve I29, it will be noted, is alternatively connected throughvalve I34 with lines I30 or.

I3I depending on which at the time constitutes the return or dischargeside of the system. It functions to maintain a constant resistance tothe joint movement of pistons 23 and 21, thus preand conduit 206, thusmaintaining a prescribed back pressure in I28 as determined byadjustment of spring 200 irrespective of the rate of discharge ofactuating fluid through I28 and the valve to the sump.

The complete cycle of operation of the machine is as follows: the pump14 is first started to effect circulation of the hydraulic medium. Thestart and stop valve 80'is' then opened to connect the conduits 19 andI05, thereby causing a flow of the hydraulic medium in the conduit I05,under pressure, as well as a flow'thereof through the conduit H0. Thetable valve III will be "in the position for connecting the hydraulicmedium to one or the other sides of the table operating piston. As shownin Figure 13, this medium is connected through the conduit I15 to theright hand end of the piston, thereby shifting the table into positionfor having the work thereon tooled by the broach associated with the ram20. As further shown in Figure 13, the conduit I05 is connectd with theconduit I30 thereby causing the descent of the ram 20.v This downwardmovement of the ram 20 continues until the dog I63 thereon engages andeffects the operation of the rods I92 and I60.

Since the rod I92 is disposed above the rod I60 it willv first beactuated for shifting the valve II I to its second position. Thisposition will be to the left of that shown in Figure 13. At this timethe branch pressure conduit H0 is connected with the conduit I14 therebydirecting the pressure medium to the left hand side of the piston 51,and through mechanism above described, os-

cillating the table 39 in a counterclockwise direction to position thesecond work piece thereon in position to be broached by the tool carriedby the ram M. The valve III remains in either of its operative positionsfor thereby maintaining a pressure on the piston 51 to hold the tableagainst any movement during the tooling opera tion.

Shortly after the shifting of the rod I92 the dog I63 engages and shiftsthe rod I60, thereby shifting the valve. I09. This movement of the valveI09 is to a central position thereby stopping any flow through theconduits leading to the ram pistons. If the second work piece is nowsecurely clamped and ready to be operated on by the broach tool of theram 2| the lever I48 is manually engaged and the valve I09 shifted toits second operative position. This position is to the left of theposition shown in Figure 13 and connects the medium in the conduit I05with the conduit I3I, thereby causing a descent of the piston 23 and ram2|. The descent of the piston 23 through the rack 30 thereof; gear 32and rack 3I on the rain 20 effects the elevation'or ascent of the ram 20and consequently the elevation or ascent of the piston 21 associatedtherewith. As the piston 21 is elevated the hydraulic medium ahead of itis forced out through the conduit I30 described, to the conduit I33 andsump or tank 7 13. Any fluid that may leak past the pistons 23 and 21 isdrained from their respective cylinders 22 and 26 through the conduitI32 and conduit I 33 to the sump or tank I3.

The descent of the piston 23 and ram 2| continues until the dog 63-11 ofthe ram 2i engages with the rods I92 and ISO, thereby shifting the valveII Lto the position shown in Figure 13 and again indexing or oscillatingthe table 33 and shifting the valve I09 to its neutral or centralposition. If now the new work piece is sufflciently clamped and ready tobe operated upon the manual lever I48 is again grasped for shifting thevalve I09 to the position shown in Figure 13, whereupon the piston 21and ram 23 are actuated through a cutting stroke. During the descent, ofthe piston 21, the piston 23 and ram 2|, through the racks 30 and 3I andgear 32 is elevated thereby discharging the hydraulic medium on theupper side of the piston 23 through the conduits I3I, I27 and I28 to andthrough the back pressure valve I29. Again, of course, any leakage pastthe pistons 27 and 23 is drained through the conduits I32 and I33 to thesump.

From the foregoing it is believed now evident that there has beenprovided a broaching machine having a. reciprocating operative cyclewhereby the machine is substantially continuously broaching. It shouldalso be now evident that lost time heretofore consumed in idly returningthe broach ram to its initial position and the idle time heretoforeutilized in replacing work pieces has been reduced to an absoluteminimum if not eliminated.

The bed I5 is provided beneath the broach rams 20 and 2I with chipreceiving compartments, which are identical, and it is believed that adescription of one of them will be sumcient for the both. Accordingly,this chip receiving compartment 201 is formed between verticallydisposed walls or webs ZIITIA and 208 interiorly of the bed I 5. Thewalls 201 and 208 have projecting inwardly therethrough lugs or ledges299 and 250, supporting an arcuate shaped trough 2i I. This trough 2 isclosed at one end by a casting 2E3 having formed therethrough a centralaperture and is closed at the upper end by the casting 2 I4. The casting2M is likewise provided with a central aperture and in addition isprovided with a gear housing 2| 5 and a discharge nozzle flit. Rotatablyjournaled in the central apertures of the castings 2I3 and 2M is aconveyor screw 2H having projecting from its outer end a reduced portion2I8 which extends into the gear housing 2I5. Secured to said projection2I8 of the conveyor screw 2H is a worm wheel 2I9 meshing with a worm 22cintegral with or secured to a worm shaft 22I connected through acoupling 222 with the shaft 223 of a motor 224. The motor 224 issupported by a bracket 225 secured to the rear of the bed I5 or the faceof the column II.

From the foregoing it will be seen that as the slides orrams 2B and 2|are actuated downwardly they effect the removal of chips from the workon the table 39, which chips are discharged into the chip compartments201. The said chips are then received in the trough 2H and engaged bythe lands of the conveyor screw 2Il and worked upwardly therethrough tothe discharge nozzle 2I6. The chips, upon being discharged through thenozzle 2I6, are received in suitable receptacles placed outside of themachine beneath the nozzle for this purpose.

In order to properly present the work pieces to the breaching tools thetable 39 is provided at opposite ends thereof with suitable work holdingfixtures 228 and 221. (Io-operating with each of the work holdingfixtures 226 and 221 respectively is pressure or clamping rollers 228and 229 carried by the cross brace or overlying member 42. From 6 thisit will be seen that the work pieces are readily secured to the surfaceof the table for operation thereon by the broach tools.

, It is believed that the foregoing clearly discloses the structure andoperation of the improved broach of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination with a'pair of reciprocating rams operable in opposite directions through acutting and an idle stroke, of mechanical means connecting said ramswhereby when one ram is operated through its cutting stroke the secondram is returning through its idle stroke, hydraulic means for effectingthe cutting stroke of each 20 ram, an oscillatable work supporting tableadapted to present a work piece to each ram when traveling through itscutting stroke, hydraulic means for efiecting the oscillation of thetable, an hydraulic circuit including an hydraulic medium under pressurefor actuating the rains and table hydraulic means, a pair of controlvalves in said circuit, one for controlling the movement of the rams andthe other for controlling the oscillation of the table, and means foractuating said 30 valves in sequence whereby the movement of the tableis initiated during the ram stroke whereupon the movement of the rams isstopped.

2. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination with apair of reciprocating rams operable in opposite directions throughacutting and an idle stroke, of mechanical means connecting said ramswhereby when one ram is operated through its cutting stroke the secondram is returning through its idle stroke, hydraulic means for effectingthe cutting stroke of each ram, an oscillatable work supporting tableadapted to present a work piece to each ram when traveling through itscutting stroke, hydraulic means for eflecting the oscillation at thetable, an hydraulic circuit including an hydraulic medium under pressurefor actuating the ling the oscillation of the table, means foractuatramsand table hydraulic means, a pair of control valves in said circuit, onefor controlling the movement of the rams and the other for controllingthe oscillation of the table, means for actuating said valves insequence whereby the movement of the table is initiated during the ramstroke whereupon the movement of the rams is stopped, and manual meansfor actuating the rams control valve to initiate the movement thereof.

3. In a breaching machine of the class described the combination with abed, a pair of 60 broach rams reciprocable relative thereto in oppositedirections through a cutting stroke and a reverse idle stroke, andmechanical means for connecting said rams whereby the movement of oneram through its cutting stroke efiects the 65 movement of the second ramthrough its idle stroke, of an hydraulic motor associated with each ramfor effecting its movement through the cutting stroke, an oscillatablework supporting table for alternately presenting work pieces to the ramswhen they are passing through their cutting stroke, an hydraulic motorfor effecting the operation of the oscillatable work supporting table,and means for sequentially operating the ram and table hydraulic motors.

t the rams prior to the commencement of their cutting stroke, anhydraulic motor for effecting the operation of the oscillatable worksupporting table, means for sequentially operating the ram and tablehydraulic motors, including an hydraulic circuit, a valve in saidcircuit for controlling the oscillation of the table, a second valve insaid circuit for controlling the alternate movement of the ram motors,and co-operating means associated with the valves and rams whereby thetable valve and ram valve are operated in succession to effect first anoscillation of the table and then a cessation in the movement of therams.

5. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination with abed, a pair of broach rams reciprocable relative thereto in oppositedirections through a cutting stroke and a reverse idle stroke, andmechanical means for connecting said rams whereby the movement of oneram through its cutting stroke efiects the movement of the second ramthrough its idle stroke, of an hydraulic motor associated with each ramfor effecting its movement through the cutting stroke, an oscillatablework supporting table for alternately presenting work pieces to the ramsprior to the commencement of their cutting stroke, an hydraulic motorfor effecting the operation of the oscillatable work supporting table,means for sequentially operating the ram and table hydraulic motors,including an hydraulic circuit, a valve in said circuit for controllingthe oscillation of the table, a second valve in said circuit forcontrolling the alternate movement of the ram motors, co-operating meansassociated with the valves and rams whereby the table valve and ramvalve are operated in succession to effect first an oscillation of thetable and then a cessation in the movement of the rams, and means forfurther shifting the ram valve to initiate the movement thereof.

6. In a broaching machine of the class describedthe combination of a bedhaving rising thereabove a pair of columns, a broach ram associated witheach column for reciprocation relative thereto, an oscillatable worksupporting table mounted on the bed for alternately presenting workpieces to the action of said rams, chip receiving compartments formed insaid bed immediately beneath each ram and adapted respectively toreceive the chips produced by each ram, each compartment being formedbetween vertical walls disposed within the bed and each wall havingprojecting therefromfa lug, a trough supported by said lugs between, thewalls and adapted to receive the chips, and independent means in eachcompartment for ejecting the chips from its trough.

7. In a broaching machine of the class described the combination of abed having rising thereabove a pair of columns, a broach ram associatedwith each column for reciprocation relative thereto, an oscillatablework supporting table mounted on the bed for alternately presenting workpieces to the action of said rams, chip receiving compartments formed insaid bed immediately beneath each ram and adapted respectively toreceive the chips produced by each ram, each compartment being formedbetween vertical walls disposed within the bed and each wall havingprojecting therefrom a lug, a trough supported by said lugs between thewalls and adapted to receive the chips, and independent means in eachcompartment for ejecting the chips from its trough, said means includinga conveyor screw in each trough, a discharge nozzle at one end of eachtrough, and an independ 15 ent prime mover for rotating each conveyorscrew.

8. A vertical hydraulic broach including a bed, a main drive motorsupported by the bed, apair of columns rising from the bed and providedwith 20 ram receiving ways, hydraulic cylinders carried by the columnsadjacent the ways, broach supporting rams mounted on the ways andoperatively coupled with the hydraulic cylinders, an hydraulic actuatingsystem contained within the 25 bed and coupled with the cylinders, saidsystem including an hydraulic pump driven by the motor, conduitsextending from the pump to the upper ends of the cylinders forintroducing pressure fluid thereinto, valve means for selectively 30directing the pressure fluid to the upper portion of either of saidcylinders, rack bars carried by the rams, and an intermediate gearmember meshing with both said rack bars whereby hydraulic pressureintroduced into the top of either 35 of the cylinders effecting downwardmovement of its ram will, through the rack bars and gear, effect alifting of the opposite ram.

9. A duplex vertical metal broaching machine including a bed having apair of spaced columns rising therefrom each provided with guiding ways,a vertically movable broach ram slidably engaged upon the ways of. eachcolumn, an hydraulic piston and cylinder mechanism individual to each ofsaid column and ram structures, an hydraulic pressure system including acommon pressure line and a pair of pressure lines individual to therespective cylinders for introduction of pressure fluid into the upperportion thereof, a selector valve for selectively directing the pressurefluid from the pressure line to either of said cylinders, the broachrams having the proximate faces thereof formed with rack teeth, abracket member carried by the bed and a gear member journaled in thebracket and jointly meshing with the opposed rack surfaces of the tworams whereby hydraulic depression of either ram to effect a broachingoperation will react through the gear to retract the opposite ram intoelevated position.

10. A duplex vertical metal broaching machine including a bed having apair of spaced columns rising therefrom each provided with guiding ways,a vertically movable broach ram slidably engaged upon the ways of eachcolumn, an hy- 65 draulic piston and cylinder mechanism individual toeach of said column and ram structures, an hydraulic pressure systemincluding a common pressure line and a pair of pressure lines individualto the respective cylinders for introduction of pressure fluid into theupper portion thereof,

- a. selector valve for selectively directing the pressure fluid fromthe pressure line to either-of said cylinders, the broach rams havingthe proximate faces thereof formed with rack teeth, a bracket membercarried by the bed and a gear member journaled in the bracket andjointly meshing with the opposed rack surfaces of the two rams wherebyhydraulic depression of either ram to effect a breaching operation willreact through the gear to retract the opposite ram into elevatedposition, an hydraulic pressure return line, a pressure control throttlevalve disposed in the return line, and means for selectively couplingthe upper portion of either of the ram cylinders with said return lineby way of the pressure controlled throttle valve whereby a.predetermined resistance to ram elevation is provided.

11. A broaching machine including a bed or support, a column risingtherefrom, an hydraulic piston and cylinder mechanism carried by thecolumn, a ram member slidable on the column, means connecting the ramwith the piston for uni-directional actuation thereby, said ram having alateral rack portion formed thereon, means on the column backing up therack portion of the ram to prevent lateral displacement thereof, and adriving member engaging the rack portion of the ram for effectingelevation of the ram duI- 10 ing the non-tooling stroke thereof.

ERWIN G. ROEHM. MILLARD ROMAINE.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Patent No. 2,047,034. July '7, 1936.

ERWIN G. ROEHM, ET AL.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 5,second column, line 48, claim 2, strike out the syllable and words "lingthe oscillation of the table,.means for actuat"; and that the saidLetters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the samemay conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed. this 29th day of September, A. D. 1936.

Henry- Van Arsdale (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents,-

